Google Colab 使用Selenium自動操作網頁的方法
Table of Contents
本文中將會介紹Selenium的使用，並且使用Google Collaboratory(簡稱Google Colab)這個強力的Python開發工具來簡單地做Google搜尋關鍵字，把結果儲存起來。
Youtube
Selenium
官方網站：Selenium
一個能讓開發者透過程式來操作瀏覽器的程式庫。
Google Collaboratory是什麼?
可以參考本站的這篇文章Google Colab 介紹＆高效秘訣
實作自動Google搜尋
導入Selenium
!apt-get update
!apt install chromium-chromedriver
!cp /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromedriver /usr/bin
!pip install selenium
使用selenium
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
driver = webdriver.Chrome('chromedriver',options=options)
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
操作Google搜尋網頁
首先，連接到網頁上並輸入搜尋關鍵字。
driver.get("https://google.com")
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
q = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'q')
q.send_keys('cyublog')
# q.submit()
關於執行搜尋的方法，這裡介紹三種。
submit
q.submit()
KEY.ENTER
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver.get("https://google.com")
q = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'q')
q.send_keys('cyublog')
q.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
ActionChains + Click
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
action = ActionChains(driver)
driver.get("https://google.com")
q = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'q')
q.send_keys('cyublog')
btnks = driver.find_elements(By.NAME, 'btnK')
for btnk in btnks:
if btnk.is_displayed():
action.click(btnk).perform()
break
取得搜尋結果
gs = driver.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, 'g')
for g in gs:
print(g.text)
輸出：
Web Result with Site Links
CyuBlog
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總結
使用Selenium可以實現透過程式來操作瀏覽器的效果。
可用於網路爬蟲、自動化測試等的場合。